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Above: St. Aidan's Statue, Holy Island, Northumberland. Photo by David Simpson

Prime Minister Tony Blair and The Millennium History of North East England by David Simpson. Photo courtesy of The Northern Echo

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Timeline of North East History - THE ROMAN CONQUEST 43AD - 51AD (PART ONE)

Above: Bust of Claudius

THE ROMAN CONQUEST 43AD - 51AD

By David Simpson

43AD / 71AD - 117AD / 122AD - 180AD / 193AD - 303AD

Man’s presence in the North dates from around 5,000BC. When the Romans arrived, they found Britain was a land of tribes and hill forts. The North-East was part of the territory of the Brigantes, a tribe that was led by a woman called Cartimandua.

43AD (May) – ROMANS INVADE
(England)
An enormous army of 40,000 Roman troops led by Claudius has landed at Richborough in Kent. British resistance has been heavily crushed and Caractacus, a British resistance leader, has fled north.

46AD – NORTHERN TRIBE ARE ROMAN CLIENTS
(North)
The Brigantes, a huge tribe whose territory stretches from the Pennines of southern Yorkshire to north of the Tyne, are recognised as a client kingdom of the Romans – they have not been conquered by the Romans but, hoping to be left in peace, accept the invaders as their rulers. The Brigantes’ queen is Cartimandua. Female leaders are quite acceptable to these war-like Britons. Their language resembles Welsh and is yet to be influenced by the Latin speech of the Romans.

50AD – STANWICK A STRONGHOLD
(Stanwick near Darlington)
The principal fort of the Brigantes is Stanwick St John, a few miles south of the River Tees. Other Brigantian forts are found throughout the North, particularly in the Pennines and include Ingleborough Hill and Almondbury near Huddersfield.

51AD – QUEEN BETRAYS CARACTACUS
(North Yorks)
Tribal support for Venutius, the husband of the Brigantian queen Cartimandua, is growing after the queen betrayed the popular British rebel Caractacus and revealed his whereabouts to the Romans.

51AD – REBEL SET FREE IN ROME
(Rome)
Caractacus, the leader of British resisitance, has been paraded in chains through Rome where his tough-minded defiance impressed the Roman Emperor. The emperor has released Caractacus from captivity and allowed him to live freely in Rome.

51AD – QUEEN DIVORCES
(North Yorks)
Cartimandua has divorced Venutius and is planning to marry her new lover Vellocatus who had been the armour-bearer of her husband. Civil war has broken out between the supporters of Cartimandua – who are backed by the Romans – and Venutius.

Above: Bust of Claudius

 

THE ROMAN CONQUEST (Other dates)
41AD
71AD - 117AD
122AD - 180AD
193AD - 303AD

THE TIMELINE BY ERA

ROMAN PERIOD

ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD

VIKING PERIOD

NORMAN PERIOD

MEDIEVAL PERIOD

TUDOR AND STUART PERIOD

GEORGIAN PERIOD

VICTORIAN PERIOD

TWENTIETH CENTURY

 

THE MILLENNIUM HISTORY OF NORTH EAST ENGLAND

by David Simpson

Published by leighton in association with The Northern Echo

ISBN 0-9536984-3-2

The Millennium History of North East England by David Simpson is published by Leighton, The Teleport, Doxford International, Sunderland, SR3 3XD, Tel +44 (0) 191 5252400 Fax +44 (0) 520 1815 www.bepl.com. The book is a 322 page full colour hard back book covering the history of the region from Roman times to the present day. To order copies of the book you can e-mail andrea.murphy@bepl.com

Author David Simpson and Paul Callaghan, Managing Director of leighton at the book launch held at Lumley Castle, Durham December 1999

www.northeastengland.talktalk.net