1070 – YORK MINSTER
(York)
Thomas of Bayeux becomes the first Norman Archbishop of York. He starts building a new Norman minster.1070 – NORMANS IN THE DALES
(Swaledale and Wensleydale)
King William gives Richmond (Hindrelac) to Alan the Red, Count of Brittany, so he can build a castle. Alan also constructs a castle at Middleham for his brother, Ribald.April 1072 – YORK MUST ANSWER TO CANTERBURY
(York)
William orders that the Archbishop of York must answer to Canterbury in terms of seniority. It is a demoralising decision for the North.August 1072 – WALTHEOF AND WALCHER
(North)
William replaces Gospatric, Earl of Northumbria, with Waltheof, an Anglo-Saxon of Northampton. Waltheof's powers extend from the Tees to the Tweed. Waltheof builds a castle at Durham for protection against the Scots. Frenchman William Walcher of Lorraine becomes Bishop of Durham1074 – MONASTERIES REFOUNDED
(Sunderland and Jarrow)
Jarrow and Monkwearmouth monasteries are refounded by three Mercian monks.May 1075 – EARL-BISHOP OF DURHAM
(Durham City)
Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria, has been executed at Winchester for plotting against the king. Walcher, the Bishop of Durham, is given the earl's powers and becomes an Earl-Bishop.1079 – SCOTS RAID NORTHUMBERLAND
(Northumberland)
Scots under King Malcolm III ravage the North-East.1080 – LUMLEY MURDER
(Lumley, County Durham)
Liulf Lumley, a Northumbrian noble, is murdered by officers of the Bishop of Durham. Liulf, a confident of the Bishop, had aroused jealousy among the bishop's men. Bishop Walcher agrees to meet Liulf's family at Gateshead to make peace.May 13, 1080 – BISHOP MURDERED AT GATESHEAD
(Gateshead)
Arriving in Gateshead, the Bishop's peace-making words are drowned out by the mob which shouts "slay ye the bishop". Walcher takes refuge in Gateshead church but it is set alight. He is butchered as he tries to escape. The mob then attacks the Norman cas tle at Durham but the siege is abandoned after a four day onslaught.1080 – BISHOP OF BAYEUX ATTACKS THE NORTH
(County Durham)
William sends north an army led by his brother Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, who destroys much land north of the Tees and steals valuable items from Durham monastery.September 1080 – NEWCASTLE FOUNDED
(Newcastle)
Robert Curthose, eldest son of William, has built a "New Castle" on the Tyne. It is built out of wood and will ultimately give its name to Newcastle-upon-Tyne. The castle occupies the site of the Roman Fort of Pons Aelius and lies close to a small Anglo-Saxon monastic settlement called Monkchester. Little else is known about the site. Curthose built the castle on return from a military expedition in Scotland.
CONQUEST OF THE NORTH (Norman period) other dates
1067AD / 1070-1080AD / 1081AD - 1135AD
THE TIMELINE BY ERA
ROMAN PERIOD
- THE ROMAN CONQUEST
- (43AD - 303AD)
ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD
- THE ANGLIAN INVASIONS
- (306AD - 593AD)
- AETHELFRITH AND EDWIN
- (598AD - 633AD
- OSWALD AND AIDAN
- (633AD - 655AD)
- WILFRID AND CUTHBERT
- (657AD - 688AD)
- THE AGE OF BEDE
- (690AD - 735AD)
- KINGDOM AT WAR
- (736AD - 854AD)
VIKING PERIOD
- JORVIK
- (866AD - 900AD)
- THE IRISH NORWEGIANS
- (900AD - 945AD)
- ERIC BLOODAXE
- (946AD - 989AD)
- THE BIRTH OF DURHAM
- (990AD - 1031AD)
NORMAN PERIOD
- THE NORMAN CONQUEST
- (1031AD - 1066AD)
- CONQUEST OF THE NORTH
- (1067AD - 1080AD)
- THE PRINCE BISHOPS
- (1081AD - 1135AD)
- TWO GREAT CATHEDRALS
- (Durham and York)
MEDIEVAL PERIOD
- THE MONASTIC REVIVAL
- (Abbeys and Priories)
- A PART OF SCOTLAND
- (1135AD - 1157AD)
- BISHOP PUDSEY
- (1154AD - 1198AD)
- JOHN & HENRY III
- (1199AD - 1272AD)
- MEDIEVAL TOWNS
- (1100AD - 1500AD)
- NEWCASTLE COAL
- (1100AD - 1500AD)
- BRUCE AND BALLIOL
- (1272AD - 1371AD)
- HOTSPUR AND THE PERCIES
- (1377AD - 1461AD)
- WARS OF THE ROSES
- (1455AD - 1508AD)
TUDOR AND STUART PERIOD
- REFORM AND REBELLION
- (1509AD - 1603AD)
- THE BORDER REIVERS
- (1400AD - 1611AD)
- ELIZABETHANS & STUARTS
- (1560AD - 1714AD)
- CROMWELL TO QUEEN ANNE
- (1644AD - 1714AD)
GEORGIAN PERIOD
- COAL AND INDUSTRY
- (1500AD - 1800AD)
- THE GEORGIAN NORTH
- (1714AD - 1838AD)
- THE LOCOMOTIVE AGE
- (1800AD - 1828AD)
VICTORIAN PERIOD
- A TOWN IS BORN
- (1828AD - 1839AD)
- THE NORTHERN COAL
- (1800AD - 1900AD)
- RURAL INDUSTRIES
- (1100AD - 1900AD)
- THE AGE OF IRON
- (1840AD - 1879AD)
- SHIPBUILDING
- (1790AD - 1899AD)
- CHEMICALS AND GLASS
- (1800AD - 1900AD)
- ELECTRIC LIGHT YEARS
- (1878AD - 1899AD)
- THE VICTORIAN AGE
- (1837AD - 1901AD)
TWENTIETH CENTURY
- 20TH CENTURY & WORLD WAR
- (1901AD - 1919AD)
- THE TWENTIES AND THIRTIES
- (1920AD - 1939AD)
- WORLD WAR TWO
- (1939AD - 1949AD)
- THE FIFTIES AND SIXTIES
- (1950AD - 1969AD)
- PITS AND POLITICS
- (1970AD - 1989AD)
- SPORT
- (1700AD - 1999AD)
- INTO A NEW MILLENNIUM
- (1990AD - 2000AD)
- THE FUTURE
- A History of the North East (Book)
- About the Sitet
THE MILLENNIUM HISTORY OF NORTH EAST ENGLAND
by David Simpson
Published by leighton in association with The Northern Echo
ISBN 0-9536984-3-2
The Millennium History of North East England by David Simpson is published by Leighton, The Teleport, Doxford International, Sunderland, SR3 3XD, Tel +44 (0) 191 5252400 Fax +44 (0) 520 1815 www.bepl.com. The book is a 322 page full colour hard back book covering the history of the region from Roman times to the present day. To order copies of the book you can e-mail Andrea.Murphy@bepl.com
Author David Simpson and Paul Callaghan, Managing Director of leighton at the book launch held at Lumley Castle, Durham December 1999
www.northeastengland.talktalk.net
